Point Must Be in lat, lon or x y Format — Invalid Geo Coordinates in Solr

Errors
Solr Error Guide

Point Must Be in 'lat, lon' Format

Your data has a geo-coordinate field with a value that Solr cannot understand. This guide shows you exactly what went wrong, why, and how to fix it — even if you've never heard of "latitude" before.


What Happened?

The Error: Point must be in 'lat, lon' or 'x y' format:

You tried to index (add) a document into your Solr index, and one of the fields is a location/geo field — a field that stores a point on a map. But the value you sent was empty, malformed, or in the wrong order, so Solr rejected it.

Think of it like filling in an address form. The form expects a city name, but you left it blank or typed a phone number instead. Solr is saying: "I expected a map coordinate, but what you gave me makes no sense."


What Are Geo Coordinates?

Every place on Earth can be described with two numbers:

You are hereLatitude = Up/DownNorth PoleSouth PoleLatitudeHow far North or SouthRange: -90 to +90Comes FIRSTLongitudeHow far East or WestRange: -180 to +180Comes SECOND

For example, New York City is at latitude 40.71, longitude -74.00. In Solr, you write this as: 40.71,-74.00


Common Causes

! Empty Value

The geo field was sent with no value at all — an empty string "". This is the most common cause. If a document has no coordinates, don't send the field at all rather than sending it empty.

Reversed Order (lon, lat)

Many APIs (like GeoJSON) use longitude first, but Solr expects latitude first. If your longitude is over 90, Solr rejects it as an impossible latitude. Swap them!

?! Wrong Format / Extra Characters

Things like (40.71, -74.00) with parentheses, or lat:40.71 with labels, or degree symbols like 40.71°N — Solr wants plain numbers only.

999 Out-of-Range Values

Latitude must be between -90 and 90. Longitude must be between -180 and 180. Values like 91.5, -74.00 will be rejected — there's no place on Earth at latitude 91!


The Correct Format

Correct Examples40.7128,-74.0060New York City48.8566,2.3522Paris, France-33.8688,151.2093Sydney, AustraliaFormat: LATITUDE , LONGITUDE (no spaces needed, no brackets)

Wrong Examples"" (empty string)No value at all — omit the field instead-74.0060,40.7128Reversed! Lon came before Lat(40.71, -74.00)Parentheses not allowed40.71° N, 74.00° WNo degree symbols or compass letters


How to Fix It

Step 1
Find the bad document
Step 2
Fix the coordinates
Step 3
Re-index

Step 1 — Find the Bad Document

Look at the error in your Error Audit log or your application logs. The error usually happens during indexing (adding/updating documents). Check which document was being sent when the error occurred and inspect its geo field value.

Step 2 — Fix the Coordinates in Your Data

If the field is empty: Don't send the geo field at all for that document. Remove it from your JSON/XML/CSV before indexing. Example in JSON — just remove the key entirely:

// WRONG — sending an empty geo field
{
  "id": "doc1",
  "title": "My Store",
  "location": ""           // <-- this causes the error!
}

// CORRECT — omit the field entirely
{
  "id": "doc1",
  "title": "My Store"
                            // <-- no "location" field at all
}

If the coordinates are reversed: Swap latitude and longitude:

// WRONG — longitude first (GeoJSON order)
"location": "-74.0060,40.7128"

// CORRECT — latitude first (Solr order)
"location": "40.7128,-74.0060"

If you have extra characters: Strip everything except digits, minus signs, periods, and commas:

// WRONG
"location": "(40.7128, -74.0060)"
"location": "40.7128° N, 74.0060° W"

// CORRECT
"location": "40.7128,-74.0060"

Step 3 — Re-index the Fixed Document

Send the corrected document to your Opensolr index. The error will be gone.


How to Prevent This

Validate Before Indexing

Before sending a document to Solr, check: is the geo field empty? Is latitude between -90 and 90? Is longitude between -180 and 180? If validation fails, skip the geo field for that document.

Use Null, Not Empty String

In your application code, when coordinates are missing, set the field to null or simply omit it from the document. Never send an empty string "" for a geo field.

Know Your Source Format

GeoJSON uses [lon, lat] order. Google Maps uses (lat, lng). Solr uses lat,lon. Always check what order your data source provides and convert accordingly.


Quick Reference

Item Details
Error Class InvalidShapeException from org.locationtech.spatial4j
When It Happens During indexing (adding/updating documents with geo fields)
Solr Field Types solr.LatLonPointSpatialField, solr.SpatialRecursivePrefixTreeFieldType, solr.LatLonType
Correct Format lat,lon — e.g., 40.7128,-74.0060
Latitude Range -90 to +90
Longitude Range -180 to +180

Still Seeing This Error?

Check your Error Audit dashboard or reach out to the Opensolr team.